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DATABASE

# 변경전
DATABASE_ENGINE = 'postgresql_psycopg2'
DATABASE_NAME = '디비이름'
DATABASE_USER = '사용자'
DATABASE_PASSWORD = '비밀번호'
DATABASE_HOST = '호스트'
DATABASE_PORT = '포트'

# 변경후
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': '디비이름',
        'USER': '사용자',
        'PASSWORD': '비밀번호',
        'HOST': '호스트',
        'PORT': '포트',
    }
}

TEMPLATE_LOADERS

# 변경전
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
    'django.template.loaders.filesystem.load_template_source',
    'django.template.loaders.app_directories.load_template_source',
#     'django.template.loaders.eggs.load_template_source',
)

# 변경후
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
    'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
    'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
#     'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
)

Django를 Deploy하기 위한 여러가지 방법들을 소개했었는데, 이번 방법이 내가 가장 선호하는 방식이다. Instance 별로 정상동작 유무를 확인하기가 쉽고, NginX 에서는 로드밸런싱을 하고, 하나의 Instance 에 문제가 발생하면 자동으로 제외되어 무장애/무중단 서비스를 제공할 수 있다.

여기에서 더 나아가 memcached 등을 이용하여 캐싱까지 처리하면 성능에서도 상당히 만족스러운 결과를 볼 수 있을 것이다. 또한, trunserver 조작에 대해서 개선할 부분이 많이 있다. 이런 부분들은 다음에 생각해보고, NginX와 trunserver 를 이용한 방법을 살펴보자.

1. Install Python

   $ apt-get install zlibc zlib1g-dev libxml2 libxml2-dev libbz2-dev curl build-essential python
   $ curl -kL http://github.com/utahta/pythonbrew/raw/master/pythonbrew-install | bash
   $ echo 'source ~/.pythonbrew/etc/bashrc' >> ~/.bashrc
   $ source ~/.bashrc
   $ pythonbrew install --force --no-test 2.7.2
   $ pythonbrew switch 2.7.2
   

2. Install Django, trunserver

   $ pip install django psycopg2 trunserver
   

3. Create Project

   $ mkdir -p /opt/project
   $ cd /opt/project
   $ django-admin.py startproject sample_project
   $ cd sample_project
   $ mkdir media
   

4. /opt/project/sample_project 에 start.sh를 만든다.

   nohup python manage.py trunserver --verbosity=0 --noreload 0.0.0.0:9000 > /dev/null 2>&1 &
   nohup python manage.py trunserver --verbosity=0 --noreload 0.0.0.0:9001 > /dev/null 2>&1 &
   

   $ chmod 755 start.sh
   

5. trunuwsgi 실행

   $ ./start.sh
   

6. Install NginX

   $ aptitude install nginx
   

7. Configure NginX

   $ cd /etc/nginx/sites-available
   $ vi django 

   upstream sample_project {
       ip_hash;
       server 127.0.0.1:9000;
       server 127.0.0.1:9001;
   }
   
   server {
       listen 80;
       server_name mydomain.com;
       
       location /site_media  {
           root /opt/project/sample_project/media/;
       }
   
       location / {
           proxy_pass sample_project;
           proxy_set_header XRealIP $remote_addr;
       }
   }
   

   $ cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled
   $ ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/django django
   

8. Run NginX

   $ /etc/init.d/nginx restart
   

1. Install Python

   $ apt-get install zlibc zlib1g-dev libxml2 libxml2-dev libbz2-dev curl build-essential python
   $ curl -kL http://github.com/utahta/pythonbrew/raw/master/pythonbrew-install | bash
   $ echo 'source ~/.pythonbrew/etc/bashrc' >> ~/.bashrc
   $ pythonbrew install --force --no-test 2.7.2
   $ pythonbrew switch 2.7.2
   

2. Install Django, uWSGI

   $ pip install django psycopg2 uwsgi
   

3. Create Project

   $ mkdir -p /opt/project
   $ cd /opt/project
   $ django-admin.py startproject sample_project
   $ cd sample_project
   $ mkdir media
   

4. /opt/project/sample_project 에 django0.ini를 만든다.

   [uwsgi]
   socket = 127.0.0.1:8000
   chdir = /opt/project/sample_project
   pythonpath = /opt/project
   env = DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=sample_project.settings
   module = django.core.handlers.wsgi:WSGIHandler()
   master = true
   processes = 4
   daemonize = /opt/project/sample_project/uwsgi0.log
   pidfile = /opt/project/sample_project/uwsgi0.pid
   

5. /opt/project/sample_project 에 django1.ini를 만든다.

   [uwsgi]
   socket = 127.0.0.1:8001
   chdir = /opt/project/sample_project
   pythonpath = /opt/project
   env = DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=sample_project.settings
   module = django.core.handlers.wsgi:WSGIHandler()
   master = true
   processes = 4
   daemonize = /opt/project/sample_project/uwsgi1.log
   pidfile = /opt/project/sample_project/uwsgi1.pid
   

6. uwsgi 실행

   $ uwsgi django0.ini
   $ uwsgi django1.ini
   

7. Install NginX

   $ aptitude install nginx
   

8. Configure NginX

   $ cd /etc/nginx/sites-available
   $ vi django
   

   upstream sample_project {
       ip_hash;
       server 127.0.0.1:8000;
       server 127.0.0.1:8001;
   }
   
   server {
       listen 80;
       server_name mydomain.com;
       
       location /site_media  {
           root /opt/project/sample_project/media/;
       }
   
       location / {
           include uwsgi_params;
           uwsgi_pass sample_project;
       }
   }
   

   $ cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled
   $ ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/django django
   

9. Run NginX

   $ /etc/init.d/nginx restart
   

이번에는 Ubuntu 10.04 (LTS) 에서 NginX + Django 1.3 (FastCGI) + Python 2.7.2 를 구성해보았다. Python 을 설치하기 전에 zlibc 를 먼저 설치해주어야 distribute 가 제대로 설치되는 삽질이 있었긴 했지만, CentOS에서 설치했던 것처럼 대체적으로 무난하게 설정이 되었다.

1. Install Python

   # aptitude install zlibc zlib1g-dev
   # echo 'export PYTHONBREW_ROOT=/opt/pythonbrew' >> /etc/profile; source /etc/profile
   # curl -kLO http://xrl.us/pythonbrewinstall; chmod +x pythonbrewinstall; ./pythonbrewinstall
   # echo 'source /opt/pythonbrew/etc/bashrc' >> /etc/profile; source /etc/profile
   # pythonbrew install --force --no-test 2.7.2
   # pythonbrew switch 2.7.2
   

2. Install Django

   # pip install django flup
   

3. Create Project

   # mkdir -p /opt/project
   # cd /opt/project
   # django-admin.py startproject sample_project
   # cd sample_project
   # mkdir media
   

4. Run Project

   # cd /opt/project/sample_project
   # python manage.py runfcgi method=threaded pidfile=/tmp/django_sample.pid host=127.0.0.1 port=8000
   

5. Install NginX

   # aptitude install nginx
   

6. Configure NginX

   # cd /etc/nginx/sites-available
   # vi django 
   

   server {
       listen 80;
       server_name 도메인주소;
       location /site_media  {
           root /opt/project/sample_project/media/;
       }
       location / {
           # host and port to fastcgi server
           fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;
           fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
           fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
           fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
           fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
           fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
           fastcgi_pass_header Authorization;
           fastcgi_intercept_errors off;
       }
   }
   

   # cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled
   # ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/django django
   

7. Run NginX

   # /etc/init.d/nginx restart